Biology

  1. Biology

Context is everything: The role of polo-like kinase I during C. elegans oocyte meiosis

Meiotic chromosome segregation in oocytes often relies on meiosis-specific modifications of mitotic molecular mechanisms to respond to the unique challenges of this asymmetric division. In this issue, Narula and Wignall (https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.202503080) demonstrate how the conserved polo-like kinase in Caenorhabditiselegans, PLK-1, has been repurposed in unexpected ways to ensure accurate meiotic chromosome segregation during oogenesis.
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  1. Biology

Al–Salen Catalyst Powers Enantioselective Photocyclization

In a groundbreaking leap for synthetic chemistry, a team of scientists has unveiled a novel strategy harnessing energy transfer to achieve enantioselective photocyclization mediated by an aluminum-salen (Al–salen) catalyst. This pioneering work, recently published in Nature Chemistry, represents a paradigm shift in the way chemists can manipulate light-induced reactions with exquisite control over stereochemistry, heralding […]
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  1. Biology

SOD1 is delivered to lysosomes via autophagy to maintain lysosomal function and integrity

The gene encoding superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is often mutated in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), affecting motor neurons. Compared with ALS-associated mutant SOD1, the function of WT SOD1 is less explored. We demonstrate that during starvation, WT and mutant SOD1 are transported into lysosomes. Genome-wide CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screening identified autophagy-related proteins and the […]
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  1. Biology

Disordered Interfacial Water Boosts Electrochemical C–C Coupling

In the relentless pursuit to combat climate change, the electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and carbon monoxide (CO) into value-added, energy-rich multi-carbon products has emerged as a beacon of hope. These processes promise not only to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions but also to create sustainable fuel alternatives that could revolutionize the energy landscape. However, […]
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  1. Biology

Dental Stem Cells Differentiate on Biodentine Nanofibers

In a groundbreaking advance within the field of regenerative medicine, researchers have unveiled a novel approach to enhance dental and bone tissue engineering by leveraging the unique properties of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) cultured on specially designed polymer nanofibers. The study, recently published in BioMedical Engineering OnLine, explores the odontogenic and osteogenic potential of […]
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  1. Biology

AI-directed voxel extraction and volume EM identify intrusions as sites of mitochondrial contact

Membrane contact sites (MCSs) establish organelle interactomes in cells to enable communication and exchange of materials. Volume EM (vEM) is ideally suited for MCS analyses, but semantic segmentation of large vEM datasets remains challenging. Recent adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) for segmentation has greatly enhanced our analysis capabilities. However, we show that organelle boundaries, which […]
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  1. Biology

Merbecovirus S2 Vaccines Trigger Cross-Reactive MERS Protection

In a groundbreaking study recently published in npj Viruses, a team of researchers led by Halfmann and colleagues has unveiled promising new insights into vaccine design against Merbecoviruses, a subgenus of coronaviruses that includes the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Their work focuses on the S2 subunit of the spike (S) glycoprotein, a component […]
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  1. Biology

Tubulin isotypes contribute opposing properties to balance anaphase spindle morphogenesis

Faithful chromosome segregation requires proper function of the mitotic spindle, which is built from, and depends on, the coordinated regulation of many microtubules and the activities of molecular motors and MAPs. In addition, microtubules themselves are assembled from multiple variants, or isotypes of α- and β-tubulin, yet whether they mediate the activities of motors and […]
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  1. Biology

Ancient Texts Decoded by Neural Networks

In a groundbreaking fusion of ancient history and cutting-edge artificial intelligence, researchers have unveiled Aeneas, a sophisticated machine learning model designed to revolutionize the study of Latin inscriptions. This technological marvel aims to assist historians by restoring fragmented texts, dating undocumented carvings, and pinpointing their geographic origins within the vast expanse of the Roman Empire. […]
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Scientists recreate life’s first step: Linking amino acids to RNA

Scientists recreate life’s first step: Linking amino acids to RNA

Chemists at UCL have shown how two of biology’s most fundamental ingredients, RNA (ribonucleic acid) and amino acids, could have spontaneously joined together at the origin of life four billion years ago. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, the “workhorses” of life essential to nearly every living process. But proteins cannot replicate or […]
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Scientists recreate life’s first step: Linking amino acids to RNA

Scientists recreate life’s first step: Linking amino acids to RNA

Chemists at UCL have shown how two of biology’s most fundamental ingredients, RNA (ribonucleic acid) and amino acids, could have spontaneously joined together at the origin of life four billion years ago. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, the “workhorses” of life essential to nearly every living process. But proteins cannot replicate or […]
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